嗯 这是一份UBS关于全球股票策略的研究报告 需要仔细阅读并提取关键信息 报告主要使用REVS框架评估各类主题投资机会 涵盖AI 医药 国防等多个行业 涉及全球多个市场 报告内容非常详细 包含大量数据和评分 需要系统性地梳理 重点关注主题排名 地区表现 行业评分以及个股推荐 同时注意风险提示和披露信息 需要确保引用正确的文档ID 每个关键点后不超过三个引用 并且只输出关于公司和行业的内容 不使用第一人称 关键要点总结 涉及的行业和公司 **人工智能相关主题** * AI软件先驱(AI Software Pioneers)成为首选的AI相关投资组合 评分略有改善[6] * AI相关主题包括AI软件 AI赢家 AI半导体 AI电力和AI机器人 均保持高分[6][11] * AI电力主题中的顶级评分股票包括Mongo DB(市值26亿美元) Meta(市值1645亿美元) Mastec(市值11亿美元) Primoris(市值6亿美元)和Snowflake(市值68亿美元)[6][14] **医药行业** * 制药主题投资组合情绪评分持续改善[6] * 美国制药和生物技术的负面修正大幅放缓 现已略微转正[6] * 制药行业组在标普500行业中拥有最强的盈利评分之一[11] * 制药 生物技术和生命科学3个月盈利修正现在为1%[11] **国防行业** * 欧盟国防支出停止在评分卡上下滑[6] * 顶级评分股票包括Thales(市值24亿美元) BAE(市值73亿美元)和Rheinmetall(市值97亿美元)[6][14] **可再生能源和电气化** * 欧盟电气化和欧盟可再生能源在主题评分卡上持续攀升[6] * 对可再生能源而言 这是多年降级周期的逆转[6] **消费行业** * 欧盟消费主题位于评分卡底部 包括欧盟奢侈品和英国住宅建筑商[6] * 盈利修正稳定是这些主题再次变得有吸引力的关键[6] 核心观点和论据 **地区表现** * 亚洲地区在排名中保持强劲 日本是发达国家市场中最强的国家[6] * 台湾证交所(TWSE) 恒生指数(HSI)和韩国综合股价指数(KOSPI2)目前排名靠前[6] * 欧洲排名低于美国 due to wide score dispersion[6] * 欧洲顶级行业(电信 公用事业 金融和工业)与全球任何其他行业一样高分[6] **行业评分** * 美国行业组REVS评分广泛继续向好 目前27个行业组中有26个有正分[11] * 美国消费周期性和美国低收入消费者主题再次上升 受盈利评分改善驱动[11] * 如果对滞胀冲击的担忧增加 医疗保健vs消费必需品是防御性定位的有效方式[11] * 医疗保健的盈利修正从低基数拐点 而消费必需品再次转为负值[11] **小型股和低质量股** * 小型股和低质量股依赖美联储预期[9] * 如果市场更看好降息 低质量(包括地区银行)可能继续表现优异[11] * 降息可能进一步帮助缓解地区银行的资产负债表压力[11] **国家对比** * 日本在ACWI国家评分卡中排名高 制度评分是所有国家中最高的之一[11] * 瑞士目前在所有国家中制度评分最弱 盈利评分为负[11] 其他重要内容 **投资框架** * 使用REVS量化基本面股票选择框架 该框架结合宏观和微观元素识别短期相对偏好[2] * REVS代表: 宏观经济制度(R) 盈利操作环境(E) 市场估值评估(V)和情绪(S)[2][33] * 该框架具有2-6个月的战术视野[2][41] **评分数据** * 欧盟上市欧元区曝光度评分高达0.33[12] * 美国AI赢家评分0.33[12] * 欧盟奢侈品评分-0.11[12] * 英国住宅建筑商评分-0.11[12] **风险提示** * 股票市场回报受公司盈利 利率 风险溢价以及受商业周期影响的其他变量影响[44] * 所有这些变量的前景都可能发生变化[44] * 投资涉及风险 投资者应谨慎行事并自行判断做出投资决策[66]

涉及的行业与公司 * 该纪要涉及的行业为基础设施、工业与运输业，具体聚焦于热管理部件、人形机器人及数据中心液冷领域[3] * 核心分析的公司为浙江三花智能控制股份有限公司（Zhejiang Sanhua Intelligent Controls），覆盖其A股（002050 CH）和H股（2050 HK）[2][6][8] 核心观点与论据 **投资评级与目标价** * 首次覆盖三花智能-H股，给予增持（OW）评级，12个月目标价41港元，隐含约30%的上涨潜力[2][8] * 维持对三花智能-A股的增持（OW）评级，目标价43元人民币[2][8] * 核心假设是公司扩展人形机器人业务并维持其在制冷和电动车热管理领域的领导地位，将驱动其在26-27财年实现15%的每股盈利（EPS）复合年增长率（CAGR），并支持进一步的价值重估[2][8] **增长驱动力与人形机器人业务** * 人形机器人业务的商业化进展，包括其泰国专用机器人工厂的产能爬坡以及来自特斯拉等全球原始设备制造商（OEM）的初始订单，正成为未来扩张和价值重估的关键驱动力[5][18] * 公司在执行器和电机方面的技术领导地位使其成为一级供应商和行业订单动量的核心受益者[5][18] * 执行器可能占机器人硬件成本的 up to 60%[18] * 公司有能力在27财年实现至少5亿元人民币的机器人收入，将是验证此新增长引擎的关键[5][10][12] * 蓝景情景分析显示，若27财年机器人年收入达到10亿元人民币，目标价可升至58港元；若低于1亿元人民币，目标价则为36港元[9][11] **传统业务表现与指引** * 管理层上调了25财年制冷业务增长指引至约20-30% 同比（Y/Y），并重申汽车零部件业务增长约20% Y/Y， citing 强劲的订单动量和改善的客户多元化[5][20] * 数据中心液冷业务在24财年已产生约10亿元人民币收入，提供了额外的市场空间（TAM）[5][21] * 公司的全球制造基地（约30%的产能位于海外）支持其转嫁关税成本和谈判有利定价的能力[5][21][22] * 最大客户的贡献在25年第二季度已从一年前的35%下降至29%，并获得了130个价值190亿元人民币的新汽车项目，支持了更均衡和更具韧性的销售组合[20] **财务表现与估值** * 目标价基于贴现现金流（DCF）模型，加权平均资本成本（WACC）为8.1%，终端增长率为3.5%[9][56][61] * 预计长期将产生强劲的经营现金流（Op-CF），25-27财年预计经营现金流分别为36.61亿、41.48亿和47.22亿元人民币[54][68] * 毛利率（GPM）和净利率（NPM）预计保持稳定，分别在26-27%和10-12%的范围内[12][22] * H股自IPO以来已上涨约40%，显著跑赢恒生指数（同期上涨约10%）[14] 其他重要内容 **风险因素** * 25年下半年国内家电和电动车销售可能放缓，因政策支持和前置需求减弱[23] * 与特斯拉的关系被淡化，其收入贡献较历史水平和同行（如拓普集团）更小，公司越来越依赖其他客户[24] * 全球电动车需求低于预期、汽车领域竞争加剧、全球宏观环境挑战以及人形机器人业务发展慢于预期都可能构成下行风险[62][74] * H股的首次锁定期将于2025年12月23日届满，参考过往经验，股价可能在到期前一个月出现波动[26] **关键监控指标** * 年度机器人收入（27财年达到5亿元人民币是关键）、海外产能占比（27财年预计35%）、各分部收入增长率（制冷业务任何一年低于10%将构成挑战）以及毛利率（任何一年低于25%将构成挑战）是评估投资论点是否成立的关键领先指标[10][12] **市场比较** * 在三花覆盖的行业中，其A股40倍（25财年预期）和35倍（26财年预期）的市盈率（P/E）高于行业平均的27倍和33倍[47] * 其16.7%（24财年）的净资产收益率（ROE）也高于行业平均的13.8%[47]

**SK海力士HBM4技术进展与内存定价观点** **涉及的行业与公司** * 行业为内存半导体行业 重点关注高带宽内存HBM和传统内存DRAM/NAND [1][2][3] * 核心公司为SK海力士 同时提及竞争对手三星电子和美光科技 [1][2][3] **HBM4技术开发与量产计划** * SK海力士宣布已完成全球首款HBM4开发并建立量产系统 [1] * HBM4相比其12层HBM3E的关键规格提升包括：带宽翻倍以上 I/O端子数量翻倍 数据传输速度提升至超过10Gb/s 能效提升超过40% [1] * 主要HBM客户近期将HBM4速度要求从8Gb/s提升至10Gb/s 海力士的进展表明其能满足新要求 [2] * 选择采用逻辑工艺制造基础晶圆的韩国供应商海力士和三星可能比竞争对手更具优势 [2] * 三星也准备在本月内提供符合更高速度要求的HBM4样品 [2] * 两家公司的当前样品测试结果预计在2025年第四季度中后期可见 若最终客户采样顺利 HBM4量产预计于2025年底或2026年初开始 [2] **HBM能效与竞争对比** * 海力士称其HBM4能效提升超40% 而美光称其提升超20% 但能效的定义和测试条件可能因公司而异 此数据不能直接证明海力士进展更优 [2] **HBM定价前景** * 与最大客户关于明年HBM量价的细节尚不明确 但预计本月内将达成协议 [3] * 鉴于满足HBM4要求的难度增加 定价可能存在上行风险 [3] * 即便如此 预计明年HBM平均销售价格ASP同比仍将下降接近两位数百分比 主要因预期HBM3E 12层价格将大幅下降 [3] **传统内存需求与定价前景** * 服务器内存需求持续超预期 主要动力来自美国云服务提供商CSP 企业级SSD需求尤为强劲 [3] * 当前预测传统DRAM和NAND价格将持续上涨至年底 随后因库存调整在2026年上半年出现价格修正 [3] * 若服务器相关需求持续 此轮涨价周期可能延长至2026年上半年 [3] **公司财务预测与估值** * 高盛对SK海力士给出12个月目标股价300,000韩元 该目标基于1.8倍市净率P/B应用于2025/2026年平均每股净资产BVPS [7] * 当前股价为307,000韩元 预示有2.3%的下行空间 投资评级为中性 [9] * 财务预测显示2025年预期收入88.331万亿韩元 EBITDA为52.199万亿韩元 每股收益EPS为45,694韩元 [9] **关键投资风险** * 上行/下行风险包括：智能手机/PC/服务器需求强弱影响传统内存需求 三星HBM业务进展的负面/正面消息影响HBM收入与利润 AI相关资本支出高低影响整体HBM需求 进而影响公司HBM收入与利润 [8] * 其他风险包括估值方法基于市净率 以及公司M&A Rank为3 被收购概率较低0%-15% [7][9][15] **利益冲突与披露** * 高盛集团及其关联公司在报告发布前一个月末时 持有SK海力士1%或以上普通股 [18] * 高盛在过去12个月内与SK海力士存在投资银行业务客户关系和非证券服务客户关系 [18] * 高盛预计在未来3个月内将寻求或获得SK海力士的投资银行业务报酬 [18]

涉及的行业与公司 * 全球宏观经济与贸易 涉及美国、中国、加拿大、日本、欧元区等主要经济体[1][6][43][50][52] * 金融与投资银行业 花旗研究团队自身及其交易策略[1][7][57] 核心观点与论据 **1 美中贸易战的实际影响低于理论水平** * 美国实际征收的有效关税率仅为9% 远低于理论宣布的17-18%的税率[1][10] * 造成此差距的四个主要原因包括 转运、豁免条款、库存囤积和企业利润率下降 其中豁免条款被判断为最可能的主要因素[1][2][4][12] * 若豁免是主因 则较低的关税影响可能是一种政策选择 意味着未来的贸易战可能更为温和[2][12] **2 转运规模被量化 但并非主因** * 通过分析HS贸易数据 估算在2025年2月至7月期间 通过越南、泰国等亚太国家的转运商品价值约为450亿美元 即每月75亿美元[3][15][24] * 转运活动仅能将有效关税率降低约1% 难以单独解释理论与实际税率之间的巨大差距[14][16] * 转运主要集中在越南和泰国 其部分类别商品的出口增长远超历史平均水平[15][17][19][24] **3 美国商品通胀低迷的原因探究** * 关税篮子通胀率在3个月年化基础上仅为2% 远低于预期[25] * 库存囤积的论据正在减弱 因为超前进口带来的缓冲已接近耗尽（约5-6个月的库存）[32][33] * 企业利润率整体保持韧性 没有明显证据表明企业在大幅吸收关税成本以抑制通胀[35] **4 美国劳动力市场出现疲软信号** * 自2022年底以来 超过60%的累计非农就业增长由医疗和社会护理行业贡献[37][44] * 剔除医疗保健行业后 非农就业人数在过去4个月中有3个月为负值[5][37][40] * 部分医疗就业增长可能源于合同工重新分类为正式雇员 其真实强度存疑 该行业被视作未来劳动力市场进一步疲软的“煤矿中的金丝雀”[37] **5 对主要央行的政策预期与交易策略** * **日本央行与政治**：自民党选举中 Koizumi获胜被视为基本情形 其被视为支持央行政策正常化 重申做多JPY 1y1y利率[6][43][45][47] * **加拿大央行**：鉴于劳动力市场显著疲软（8月就业人数减少65.5k 失业率升至7.1%）和增长背景软化 预计加拿大央行将在9月会议再次降息25个基点并发出持续宽松信号 因此增持加拿大OIS接收头寸[6][52][53][56] * **欧洲央行**：认为其加息周期已结束 但进一步降息也遥遥无期 维持看涨欧元兑美元的观点[50][51] 其他重要内容 * **交易头寸调整**：本周新增15000美元DV01的加拿大12月OIS接收头寸（总风险升至30000） 目标位2.0 观察位上调至2.50 同时平仓了EURIBOR steepener头寸 亏损60万美元[6][9] * **通胀展望**：核心通胀率预计在年底将维持在3%左右 若劳动力市场保持疲软 此通胀水平不太可能阻止美联储降息[29] * **研究方法**：详细披露了识别转运贸易的四个微观标准[22][26]

**行业与公司** 行业为北美半导体行业 特别是模拟芯片领域 覆盖公司包括德州仪器(TXN) 亚德诺(ADI) 恩智浦(NXPI) 微芯科技(MCHP) 安森美(ON) 和艾格瑞(ALGM)等[1][6][9] **核心观点与论据** **业绩与市场表现** * 全球模拟芯片股在财报发布日平均下跌5% 因9月季度指引未达市场过高预期[3][6][9] * 6月季度确认行业已过景气低谷 但复苏斜率平坦 实质性改善推迟至12月季度或2026年上半年[4][6][9] * 行业收入仍较前期峰值低26% 加权平均低21% 预计全面恢复至峰值收入需到2027年[28] * 估值处于高位 行业远期市盈率约30倍 较历史平均21倍有43%溢价 相对费城半导体指数溢价20% 高于长期平均的12%[32][35] **周期位置与需求动态** * 复苏处于早期阶段 模拟芯片需求已与终端需求同步 MCU仍处于供应不足状态 7月 undershipping 幅度为8%[40][43] * IGBT板块仍在探底 7月 undershipping 幅度达17% 单位需求和均价均缺乏正面动能[45][48] * 终端需求开始改善 工业领域库存开始流向真实需求 汽车领域虽仍在消化库存但显现复苏迹象[49] **关键主题与风险因素** * 汽车复苏滞后：汽车行业于2025年上半年见底 工业则于2024年上半年见底 预计汽车需求在2025年四季度至2026年一季度加速[57] * 中国引领汽车复苏 受电动汽车驱动 预计2025年中国产量同比增长5% 北美和欧洲滞后[69][71] * 库存正常化需时：分销商库存环比显著下降9.6% 但整体供应链库存正常化仍需时间[74][76] * 短期产能利用率持平：行业优先消化资产负债表库存 预计未来两季度利用率将逐步改善[83] * 关税韧性：关税影响低于预期 拥有多元化全球制造布局的公司更具灵活性[90][93] **个股观点与评级** * 恩智浦(NXPI)：增持 目标价271美元 预计2026年每股收益14.25美元 是唯一预计在2026年恢复至周期峰值每股收益的模拟芯片公司[96] * 亚德诺(ADI)：增持 目标价288美元 预计2026年每股收益9.28美元 产品定价较高 工业收入占比高 利润率防御性强[96] * 微芯科技(MCHP)：中性 目标价63美元 收入仍较峰值低53% 估值 stretched[97] * 艾格瑞(ALGM)：中性 目标价35美元 汽车周期触底 但估值已反映部分乐观预期[97] * 安森美(ON)：中性 目标价52美元 刚脱离低谷 需10个百分点毛利率扩张才能达到峰值[97] * 德州仪器(TXN)：减持 目标价192美元 因库存高企 资本支出持续至2026年以及利用率风险[9][97] **其他重要内容** * 摩根士丹利将德州仪器目标价从197美元下调至192美元[7] * 能见度仍然较低 即时订购模式和关税问题的二阶效应持续造成干扰[4] * 历史上较低的客户库存可能推动补货需求 undershipping 缺口正在收窄 为数据带来潜在上行空间[4]

嗯 这是一份由摩根大通发布的关于贵金属的研究报告 主要聚焦黄金和白银 我需要仔细阅读并提取关键信息 用户要求用中文总结 采用markdown格式 不能使用第一人称 每个关键点后要引用原文编号 且编号不能超过3个 先看文档整体结构 发现有很多重复的联系人信息和免责声明 这些可以忽略 重点是从id=2开始的实际内容 这份报告主要讲黄金市场 提到了价格突破 美联储降息预期 投资需求变化 还有技术分析 需要把这些信息分类整理 注意到报告中有很多具体数据 比如价格预测 ETF流入量 收益率变化等 这些都需要准确提取并注明单位 还看到有关美联储独立性的讨论 这是一个潜在的风险因素 也需要包含在总结中 好的 我现在开始整理这些信息 按照行业 公司 核心观点 风险因素等分类 确保不遗漏重要内容 金属行业研究报告关键要点 涉及行业与公司 * 报告聚焦贵金属行业 特别是黄金和白银市场[2][4][30] * 摩根大通发布该研究报告 涉及全球大宗商品研究[1][3][17] 黄金市场核心观点与论据 价格走势与预测 * 黄金价格在2025年9月突破前期高点3500美元/盎司 上涨至约3650美元/盎司 当月涨幅约6%[4] * 公司预测黄金价格将在2025年第四季度平均达到3800美元/盎司 并在2026年第一季度突破4000美元/盎司 比先前预期提前一个季度[5] * 具体价格预测为：2025年第三季度3460美元/盎司 第四季度3800美元/盎司 2026年第一季度3980美元/盎司 第二季度4140美元/盎司 第三季度4260美元/盎司 第四季度4390美元/盎司[6] * 若美联储独立性受到侵蚀 黄金价格可能快速突破5000美元/盎司[31][47] 驱动因素分析 * 美联储降息周期是黄金主要催化剂 经济学家预计下周降息25个基点 随后三次会议连续降息[2][18] * 实际收益率下降推动黄金投资需求 特别是西方ETF流入[12] * 投资者需求现为主要催化剂 每增加100亿美元季度名义黄金需求 价格环比上涨约3%[2][42] * 自2000年代初以来 黄金在美联储开始降息前后 consistently上涨 在最近美联储降息周期开始后的九个月内回报率达两位数[2][19] 资金流向数据 * 截至2025年9月5日的两周内 全球黄金ETF持仓增加近72吨 相当于约80亿美元 为4月中旬以来最大单周流入[6] * 截至9月2日 COMEX黄金非商业期货净多头增加约3.5万份合约至名义新高[6] * 全球ETF持仓预计在2026年上半年突破此前约4000吨的历史高点[5] 白银市场分析 * 白银价格预测：2025年第三季度39.2美元/盎司 第四季度42.2美元/盎司 2026年第一季度42.6美元/盎司 第二季度44.0美元/盎司 第三季度44.8美元/盎司 第四季度46.2美元/盎司[6] * 白银更易过渡至中期整固模式 接近2020年3月通道阻力位42美元上方[30] * 白银在美联储降息周期中表现相对不稳定 工业需求成分较大[30] 风险因素与潜在挑战 央行需求变化 * 央行购买量放缓是主要风险 2025年第二季度需求为166.5吨 为2022年第二季度以来最低[26] * 预计2025年和2026年央行年度购买量在700-800吨之间 仍高于2022年前约400吨的平均水平[26] * 价格上涨可能从吨位角度影响央行需求[26] 宏观经济风险 * 经济衰退风险保持在40%左右[18] * 私人 payroll 在过去四个月平均仅增长47K 低于"停滞速度"[18] * 劳动力市场停滞加剧 风险偏向更多宽松政策[18] 美联储独立性担忧 * 对美联储独立性的担忧可能削弱国债信心 增加债务贬值焦虑[36] * 相对流动但规模较小的市场加上供应缺乏弹性 使黄金成为对冲美联储独立性风险的有效工具[2][36] * 从29万亿美元美国国债市场向黄金的较小规模轮动（280亿美元 占0.1%）可能推动金价突破5000美元/盎司[47] 技术分析观点 * 黄金技术面仍然支持 突破4-8月看涨整固模式 打开潜在上行空间至3780-3880美元/盎司目标[30][49] * 白银显示趋势减速和潜在上涨 exhaustion 信号 可能形成中期整固模式[30][53] * 黄金支持位在3500-3511美元（4月峰值）和3384-3440美元（50日均线）[49]

这份投资者演示文稿由摩根士丹利亚洲团队于2025年9月11日发布 专注于中国消费行业[1][2] 行业与公司 * 纪要涉及的行业为中国消费行业 涵盖多个细分领域 包括餐饮 饮料 白酒 啤酒 乳制品 家用电器 黄金珠宝 体育用品等[4][5][9] * 核心公司包括一系列"新消费"代表企业 如泡泡玛特 Pop Mart 古茗 Guming 蜜雪冰城 Mixue 卫龙 Weilong 毛戈平 Maogeping 老铺黄金 Laopu Gold 以及众多传统消费巨头 如茅台 美的 安踏等[7][40][89][94] 核心观点与论据 * **新消费与传统消费表现分化**：新消费公司股价表现显著优于传统消费及大盘指数 2025年至今新消费板块平均涨幅为30% 远超整体消费板块的15%和MSCI中国指数的-11%[10][18][20] 新消费公司2024-26年预期盈利复合年增长率 CAGR 高达80% 估值 NTM-P/E 为14倍 而传统必选和可选消费的增速分别为8%和11% 估值分别为12倍和16倍[18] * **消费行业整体估值处于历史低位**：当前消费板块估值较15年平均水平有显著折价 例如大家电折价74% 家居折价62% 啤酒折价49% 但部分板块如黄金珠宝和大众美妆估值高于历史平均[46][47] * **宏观环境挑战持续**：消费者信心和收入增长预期疲软 青年失业率在2025年8月达到18% 新经济行业入门级月薪同比下滑11% 家庭储蓄率维持在35%的高位 显示出强烈的预防性储蓄倾向[60][62][64][66] * **反内卷政策影响**：政策宣布后市场动态发生转变 新消费板块在2025年7月后的股价表现 16% 显著跑赢传统消费 0% 和一般食品饮料 8% [18] * **细分板块表现迥异**：2025年至今 IP产品 黄金珠宝 扫地机器人等板块股价涨幅领先 分别达到221% 96% 和69% 而超市 家居 餐厅等板块表现落后 跌幅分别为-19% -9%和-8%[36][37] * **龙头公司业绩增速放缓**：多家消费龙头公司近期业绩增长放缓或出现下滑 例如白酒企业中 茅台1H25收入增长9% 而洋河收入下滑35% 餐饮企业中 海底捞1H25收入下滑4% 九毛九收入下滑10%[86][89] 其他重要内容 * **南向资金持股**：消费H股的南向资金持股占自由流通股本的比例平均为15%[29][30] * **机构投资者持仓**：机构投资者对消费公司的持仓占自由流通股本的比例平均为35% 其中外资持仓占比平均为15%[31][32] * **零售销售趋势**：2025年7月社会消费品零售总额同比增长4.8% 但环比放缓 其中餐饮收入增速较低 仅为1.1% 而金银珠宝 化妆品 家用电器等品类表现较好 在线零售保持强劲 同比增长13.5%[69][70] * **海南离岛免税销售承压**：海南线下日均免税销售额同比下滑 购物转化率 免税购物者占离岛旅客比例 在2025年7月降至25%[119][122] [1][2][4][5][7][9][10][18][20][29][30][31][32][36][37][46][47][60][62][64][66][69][70][86][89][119][122]

[角色] 你是一名拥有10年投资银行从业经验的资深研究分析师，专门负责上市公司、行业研究。你擅长解读公司财报、行业动态、宏观市场，发现潜在的投资机会和风险。 [任务] 你需要仔细研读一份上市公司或者行业研究的电话会议记录，请阅读全文，一步一步思考，总结全文列出关键要点，不要错过任何信息，包括： * 纪要涉及的行业或者公司 * 纪要提到的核心观点和论据 * 其他重要但是可能被忽略的内容 如果没有相关内容，请跳过这一部分，进行其他的部分。 总结时要全面、详细、尽可能覆盖全部的内容、不遗漏重点,并根据上述方面对内容进行分组。 要引用原文数字数据和百分比变化,注意单位换算(billion=十亿,million=百万,thousand=千)。 [注意事项] 1) 使用中文,不要出现句号 2) 采用markdown格式 3) 不使用第一人称,以"公司"、"行业"代替 4) 只输出关于公司和行业的内容 5) 在每一个关键点后用[序号]形式引用原文档id 6) 一个[序号]只应该包含一个数字，不能包含多个，如果多个就用[序号][序号]分开写，不要写成 [序号-序号] 7) 每个关键要点后边的 [序号] 不要超过 3 个 Content: --------- <doc id='1'>China Materials 2025 On-ground Demand Monitor Series 137 – Aluminum Inventory and Consumption CITI'S TAKE In this series of notes, we aim to track and analyze high-frequency on- ground demand trends in China – market expectation on demand recovery has been largely cautious. In this note, we enclose weekly data from Mysteel, a consultant, on China aluminum ingot and billet production, inventory, and apparent consumption data during the week of 4th to 10th Sep 2025. Latest sector pecking order: copper > battery > gold > aluminum > cement > steel> lithium > thermal coal.</doc> <doc id='2'>Production – According to Mysteel, from 4th to 10th Sep 2025, China total aluminum production was 851kt, flat WoW, +2% YoY, and +2% YoY on the lunar calendar, and aluminum billet production was 361kt, flat WoW, +6% YoY and +6% YoY on the lunar calendar. The calendar year YTD China aluminum production was 31.1mnt, +2.9% YoY, and aluminum billet production was 12.6mnt, +5.7% YoY.</doc> <doc id='3'>Inventory – According to Mysteel, China aluminum ingot + billet total inventory stood at 914kt on 11th Sep, -1% WoW, -5% YoY, and -7% YoY on the lunar calendar, of which total social/producers' inventory stood at 759/155kt, -1%/-2% WoW, -11%/+43% YoY, and -11%/+20% YoY on the lunar calendar. For aluminum ingot, total inventory was 686kt on 11th Sep, -1% WoW, -11% YoY, and -10% YoY on the lunar calendar. For aluminum billet, total inventory was 228kt on 11th Sep, -2% WoW, +21% YoY, and +6% YoY on the lunar calendar.</doc> <doc id='4'>Apparent consumption – Based on our calculations, during the week of 4th to 10th Sep 2025, China overall aluminum apparent consumption was 895kt, +3% WoW, -1% YoY, and +9% YoY on the lunar calendar. China aluminum ingot/billet apparent consumption was 911kt/345kt, respectively, +2%/+3% WoW, -2%/+8% YoY, and +5%/+18% YoY on the lunar calendar. The calendar year YTD China overall aluminum apparent consumption was 32.1mnt, +4.6% YoY, and China aluminum ingot/billet apparent consumption was +4.1%/+7.3% YoY.</doc> <doc id='5'>Takeaways – We believe the aluminum ingot + billet inventory data is more representative to calculate overall aluminum demand as it includes the change in more types of aluminum inventory. During the week of 4th to 10th Sep 2025, total aluminum inventory decreased WoW. The inventory level was lower than the same period in 2021-22 and 2024, but higher than 2023 on lunar calendar. Total aluminum See Appendix A-1 for Analyst Certification, Important Disclosures and Research Analyst Affiliations Citi Research is a division of Citigroup Global Markets Inc. (the "Firm"), which does and seeks to do business with companies covered in its research reports. As a result, investors should be aware that the Firm may have a conflict of interest that could affect the objectivity of this report. Investors should consider this report as only a single factor in making their investment decision. Certain products (not inconsistent with the author's published research) are available only on Citi's portals.</doc> <doc id='6'>Jack Shang, CFAAC +852-2501-2441 jack.shang@citi.com Anna Wang +852-2501-2739 anna.d.wang@citi.com Jimmy Feng +852-2501-7588 jimmy.feng@citi.com Cynthia Wu +852-2868-7813 cynthia.d.wu@citi.com</doc> <doc id='7'>apparent consumption during the week was increased WoW and the apparent consumption level is higher than the same period in 2022-24 on lunar calendar.</doc> <doc id='8'>Figure 1. China Aluminum billet+ingot total inventory CNY (kt)</doc> <doc id='9'>© 2025 Citigroup Inc. No redistribution without Citigroup's written permission. Note: On x-axis, CNY stands for Chinese New Year and the data is by weeks Source: Citi Research, mysteel Figure 3. China Aluminum billet social + producers' inventory CNY (kt)</doc> <doc id='10'>© 2025 Citigroup Inc. No redistribution without Citigroup's written permission. Note: On x-axis, CNY stands for Chinese New Year and the data is by weeks Source: Citi Research, mysteel © 2025 Citigroup Inc. No redistribution without Citigroup's written permission. Note:OIn x-axis, CNY stands for Chinese New Year and the data is by weeks Source: Citi Research, mysteel Figure 2. China Aluminum total apparent consumption CNY (kt)</doc> <doc id='11'>© 2025 Citigroup Inc. No redistribution without Citigroup's written permission. Note: On x-axis, CNY stands for Chinese New Year and the data is by weeks Source: Citi Research, mysteel Figure 4. China Aluminum billet apparent consumption CNY (kt)</doc> <doc id='12'>© 2025 Citigroup Inc. No redistribution without Citigroup's written permission. Note: On x-axis, CNY stands for Chinese New Year and the data is by weeks Source: Citi Research, mysteel Figure 6. China Aluminum ingot apparent consumption CNY (kt)</doc> <doc id='13'>© 2025 Citigroup Inc. No redistribution without Citigroup's written permission. Note: On x-axis, CNY stands for Chinese New Year and the data is by weeks Source: Citi Research, mysteel Figure 5. China Aluminum Social + Producers' ingot inventory CNY (kt)</doc> <doc id='14'>If you are visually impaired and would like to speak to a Citi representative regarding the details of the graphics in this document, please call USA 1-888-500-5008 (TTY: 711), from outside the US +1-210-677-3788 Appendix A-1 ANALYST CERTIFICATION The research analysts primarily responsible for the preparation and content of this research report are either (i) designated by "AC" in the author block or (ii) listed in bold alongside content which is attributable to that analyst. If multiple AC analysts are designated in the author block, each analyst is certifying with respect to the entire research report other than (a) content attributable to another AC certifying analyst listed in bold alongside the content and (b) views expressed solely with respect to a specific issuer which are attributable to another AC certifying analyst identified in the price charts or rating history tables for that issuer shown below. Each of these analysts certify, with respect to the sections of the report for which they are responsible: (1) that the views expressed therein accurately reflect their personal views about each issuer and security referenced and were prepared in an independent manner, including with respect to Citigroup Global Markets Inc. and its affiliates; and (2) no part of the research analyst's compensation was, is, or will be, directly or indirectly, related to the specific recommendations or views expressed by that research analyst in this report.</doc> <doc id='15'>IMPORTANT DISCLOSURES Analysts' compensation is determined by Citi Research management and Citigroup's senior management and is based upon activities and services intended to benefit the investor clients of Citigroup Global Markets Inc. and its affiliates (the "Firm"). Compensation is not linked to specific transactions or recommendations. Like all Firm employees, analysts receive compensation that is impacted by overall Firm profitability which includes investment banking, sales and trading, and principal trading revenues. One factor in equity research analyst compensation is arranging corporate access events between institutional clients and the management teams of covered companies. Typically, company management is more likely to participate when the analyst has a positive view of the company.</doc> <doc id='16'>For financial instruments recommended in the Product in which the Firm is not a market maker, the Firm is a liquidity provider in such financial instruments (and any underlying instruments) and may act as principal in connection with transactions in such instruments. The Firm is a regular issuer of traded financial instruments linked to securities that may have been recommended in the Product. The Firm regularly trades in the securities of the issuer(s) discussed in the Product. The Firm may engage in securities transactions in a manner inconsistent with the Product and, with respect to securities covered by the Product, will buy or sell from customers on a principal basis.</doc> <doc id='17'>Unless stated otherwise neither the Research Analyst nor any member of their team has viewed the material operations of the Companies for which an investment view has been provided within the past 12 months.</doc> <doc id='18'>For important disclosures (including copies of historical disclosures) regarding the companies that are the subject of this Citi Research product ("the Product"), please contact Citi Research, 388 Greenwich Street, 6th Floor, New York, NY, 10013, Attention: Legal/Compliance [E6WYB6412478]. In addition, the same important disclosures, with the exception of the Valuation and Risk assessments and historical disclosures, are contained on the Firm's disclosure website at https://www.citivelocity.com/cvr/eppublic/citi_research_disclosures. Valuation and Risk assessments can be found in the text of the most recent research note/report regarding the subject company. Pursuant to the Market Abuse Regulation a history of all Citi Research recommendations published during the preceding 12-month period can be accessed via Citi Velocity (https://www.citivelocity.com/cv2) or your standard distribution portal. Historical disclosures (for up to the past three years) will be provided upon request.</doc> <doc id='19'>Citi Research Equity Ratings Distribution | | | 12 Month Rating | | | Catalyst Watch | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | Data current as of 01 Jul 2025 | Buy | Hold | Sell | Buy | Hold | Sell | | Citi Research Global Fundamental Coverage (Neutral=Hold) | 58% | 32% | 9% | 36% | 47% | 17% | | % of companies in each rating category that are investment banking clients | 36% | 39% | 25% | 39% | 34% | 35% | Guide to Citi Research Fundamental Research Investment Ratings: Citi Research stock recommendations include an investment rating and an optional risk rating to highlight high risk stocks. Risk rating takes into account both price volatility and fundamental criteria. Stocks will either have no risk rating or a High risk rating assigned.</doc> <doc id='20'>Investment Ratings: Citi Research investment ratings are Buy, Neutral and Sell. Our ratings are a function of analyst expectations of expected total return ("ETR") and risk. ETR is the sum of the forecast price appreciation (or depreciation) plus the dividend yield for a stock within the next 12 months. The target price is based on a 12 month time horizon. The Investment rating definitions are: Buy (1) ETR of 15% or more or 25% or more for High risk stocks; and Sell (3) for negative ETR. Any covered stock not assigned a Buy or a Sell is a Neutral (2). For stocks rated Neutral (2), if an analyst believes that there are insufficient valuation drivers and/or investment catalysts to derive a positive or negative investment view, they may elect with the approval</doc> <doc id='21'>of Citi Research management not to assign a target price and, thus, not derive an ETR. Citi Research may suspend its rating and target price and assign "Rating Suspended" status for regulatory and/or internal policy reasons. Citi Research may also suspend its rating and target price and assign "Under Review" status for other exceptional circumstances (e.g. lack of information critical to the analyst's thesis, trading suspension) affecting the company and/or trading in the company's securities. In both such situations, the rating and target price will show as "—" and "-" respectively in the rating history price chart. Prior to 11 April 2022 Citi Research assigned "Under Review" status to both situations and prior to 11 Nov 2020 only in exceptional circumstances. As soon as practically possible, the analyst will publish a note re-establishing a rating and investment thesis. Investment ratings are determined by the ranges described above at the time of initiation of coverage, a change in investment and/or risk rating, or a change in target price (subject to limited management discretion). At times, the expected total returns may fall outside of these ranges because of market price movements and/or other short-term volatility or trading patterns. Such interim deviations will be permitted but will become subject to review by Research Management. Your decision to buy or sell a security should be based upon your personal investment objectives and should be made only after evaluating the stock's expected performance and risk.</doc> <doc id='22'>Catalyst Watch/Short Term Views ("STV") Ratings Disclosure: Catalyst Watch and STV Upside/Downside calls: Citi Research may also include a Catalyst Watch or STV Upside or Downside call to indicate the analyst expects the share price to rise (fall) in absolute terms over a specified period of 30 or 90 days in reaction to one or more specific near-term catalysts or events impacting the company or the market. A Catalyst Watch will be published when Analyst confidence is high that an impact to share price will occur; it will be a STV when confidence level is moderate. A Catalyst Watch or STV Upside/Downside call will automatically expire at the end of the specified 30/90 day period. The Catalyst Watch will also be automatically removed if share price performance (calculated at market close) exceeds 15% against the direction of the call (unless over-ridden by the analyst). The analyst may also remove a Catalyst Watch or STV call prior to the end of the specified period in a published research note. A Catalyst Watch/STV Upside or Downside call may be different from and does not affect a stock's fundamental equity rating, which reflects a longer-term total absolute return expectation. For purposes of FINRA ratings-distribution-disclosure rules, a Catalyst Watch/STV Upside call corresponds to a buy recommendation and a Catalyst Watch/STV Downside call corresponds to a sell recommendation. Any stock not assigned to a Catalyst Watch Upside, Catalyst Watch Downside, STV Upside, or STV Downside call is considered Catalyst Watch/STV No View. For purposes of FINRA ratings distribution-disclosure rules, we correspond Catalyst Watch/STV No View to Hold in our ratings distribution table for our Catalyst Watch/STV Upside/Downside rating system. However, we reiterate that we do not consider No View to be a recommendation. For all Catalyst Watch/STV Upside/Downside calls, risk exists that the catalyst(s) and associated share-price movement will not materialize as expected.</doc> <doc id='23'>RESEARCH ANALYST AFFILIATIONS / NON-US RESEARCH ANALYST DISCLOSURES The legal entities employing the authors of this report are listed below (and their regulators are listed further herein). Non-US research analysts who have prepared this report (i.e., all research analysts listed below other than those identified as employed by Citigroup Global Markets Inc.) are not registered/qualified as research analysts with FINRA. Such research analysts may not be associated persons of the member organization (but are employed by an affiliate of the member organization) and therefore may not be subject to the FINRA Rule 2241 restrictions on communications with a subject company, public appearances and trading securities held by a research analyst account.</doc> <doc id='24'>Citigroup Global Markets Asia Limited Anna Wang; Jimmy Feng, CFA; Jack Shang, CFA; Cynthia Wu OTHER DISCLOSURES Any price(s) of instruments mentioned in recommendations are as of the prior day's market close on the primary market for the instrument, unless otherwise stated.</doc> <doc id='25'>The completion and first dissemination of any recommendations made within this research report are as of the Eastern date- time displayed at the top of the Product. If the Product references views of other analysts then please refer to the price chart or rating history table for the date/time of completion and first dissemination with respect to that view.</doc> <doc id='26'>Regulations in various jurisdictions require that where a recommendation differs from any of the author's previous recommendations concerning the same financial instrument or issuer that has been

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