Issue Brief Key Concepts in AI Safety Reliable Uncertainty Quantification in Machine Learning Authors Tim G. J. Rudner Helen Toner June 2024 This paper is the fifth installment in a series on “AI safety,” an area of machine learning research that aims to identify causes of unintended behavior in machine learning systems and develop tools to ensure these systems work safely and reliably. Other papers in the series describe three categories of AI safety issues—problems of robustness, assurance, and specificat ...