Global copper mine output is projected to grow by 2.1% in 2025 to 23.4 million tonnes, up from 22.9 million tonnes in 2024. The modest growth is primarily due to output declines in Australia and Indonesia, which will constrain global expansion. However, these shortfalls will be partly offset by production gains in Zambia, Chile, Mongolia, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), and Peru. Zambia, which accounted for 4.2% of global copper output in 2024, is set to deliver the largest contribution to gro ...