Photo Illustration by Thomas Fuller/SOPA Images/LightRocket via Getty ImagesSOPA Images/LightRocket via Getty ImagesStride Inc. (NYSE: LRN) has experienced a decline of nearly half its market value within days after it released its most recent quarterly results—an incredible drop for a company that actually surpassed earnings expectations. The online education company disclosed an adjusted EPS of $1.52, an increase from$1.26 a year earlier, along with revenue of $620.9 million, marking an almost 13% year-o ...