文章核心观点 - 美国约有4300万人背负学生贷款债务，总额超过1.8万亿美元，借款人在偿还贷款的同时实现其他财务目标存在困难，但通过特定策略可以兼顾学生贷款管理和退休储蓄 [2] 学生贷款还款计划选择 - 联邦学生贷款若无选择还款计划，将自动纳入标准还款计划，月还款额由欠款总额和利率决定，贷款在10年内还清 [3] - 选择其他还款计划可显著降低月还款额：渐进还款计划初期还款额较低，之后每两年增加一次，贷款在10年内还清；扩展还款计划期限为25年；收入驱动还款计划月还款额基于收入和家庭规模，通常低于其他计划，在满足特定合格还款次数后剩余贷款余额可能被免除 [5] - 公共服务贷款减免计划要求为合格的政府或非营利雇主全职工作，并通过还款计划完成120次合格月供后，贷款可能被免除，借款人必须注册该计划 [5] 额外资金运用策略 - 应将额外获得的现金（如工作奖金、较大额退税或兼职收入）用于退休储蓄或学生贷款目标，而非自动增加日常开支 [4] - 建议将部分额外收入用于提前偿还贷款，每一美元都至关重要 [6]

The Trump administration has reached a new agreement with the American Federation of Teachers (AFT) that could unlock long-awaited student loan relief for millions of borrowers. Announced last week, the agreement allows the Department of Education to resume processing forgiveness for borrowers enrolled in Income-Contingent Repayment (IDR), Pay As You Earn (PAYE) and the Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF) programs — especially those who’ve been chipping away at their loans for more than two decades. Th ...

Student loan debt is a major issue. Nearly 43 million people — about 1 in 6 American adults — have outstanding federal student loans. For the millions of borrowers with federal loans, loan forgiveness can provide substantial relief. Eligible borrowers can qualify for forgiveness of thousands of dollars, allowing them to pursue other financial or career goals. Since the start of President Trump's second term, there have been significant changes to the federal student loan system, and more updates are expec ...